steps and tips to speak english!

Rahsia penting (jangan bocorkan)

Sebenarnya untuk berkomunikasi dan bercakap/menulis dalam bahasa inggeris caranya ialah seperti berikut:

Langkah pertama:

Apa yang anda nak cakap sebenarnya (dalam bahasa Melayu). Seharausnya anda dah boleh BERFIKIR dalam bahasa inggeris, tetapi takper, yang penting ialah, *anda nak cakap apa?*

Langkah kedua:

Bila bila bila??? when when when?

Langkah ketiga

Siapa pembuat (siapa yang melakukannya - cerita mengenai siapa? - siapa yang jadi mangsa?

Langkah keempat:

Ayat anda ini ada VERB atau tidak? Perlu VERB TO BE atau tidak?

Pegang 4 langkah ini elol2 dulu ye. Rahsia khas hanya untuk anda.

Ada pertanyaan?

jenis2 present

Kembali ke PRESENT TENSE:

1) I *cook it* everyday - Perbuatan berulang, everyday, waktu sekarang!

- Simple present!

2) I *am cooking* it now - Perbuatan SEDANG DILAKUKAN tepat pada masa SEKARANG

- Present Continuous!

3) I *HAVE COOKED* IT - Perbuatan sekarang yang jatuh dalam mana-mana 4 syarat ini: (a) belum selesai (b) masa berlaku tidak perlu dinyatakan (c) dibuat berkali2 sejah dulu hingga sekarang belum selesai dan akan sambung (d) Baru sebentar sahja berlaku (i have JUST cooked it) 

*_dah lupa ke 4 syarat ni??_*

- PRESENT PERFECT!

____

Tidak sama PRESENT PERFECT

(i have taken it - cuma satu cerita) 

dengan PAST PERFECT 

(yesterday when you came, i HAD TAKEN it - ada dua cerita)

jenis2 past

Past Perfect sememangnya TIDAK sama dengan SIMPLE PAST TENSE atau PAST CONTINUOUS

*Past Perfect* + *Simple past*: 

I *had known her* before *i talked* to her (mesti ada dua cerita)

= "Saya *telahpun kenal dia* sebelum *saya bercakap* dengan dia *minggu lepas*

Past Continuous* + *Simple past*: 

I *was talking* to her when *you came* to my house last night (mesti ada dua cerita)

= "Saya *sedang bercakap* dengan dia semasa *awak datang* ker rumah saya malam tadi

Ingat:

You ate here last night MESTILAH diterjemah sebagai "awak makan di sini malam tadi"

You were eating MESTILAH diterjemah sebagai "awak SEDANG makan"

Your had eaten MESTILAH diterjemah sebagai "awak TELAH makan"

Tak susah nak ingat bahawa 

1) WAS + ing bererti "SEDANG MEMBUAT" dan

2) HAD + Past Participle bererti "TELAH/SUDAH MEMBUAT"

Tak susah, kann?

Tapi MESTI ADA DUA CERITA

1) HAD COOKED bererti SUDAH memasak semasa... masa bila? Mesti WAJIB tulis semasa apa berlaku.

2) WAS COOKING bererti SEDANG memasak semasa... masa bila? Mesti WAJIB tulis semasa apa berlaku.

Dan kalau hanya nak kata "Semalam aku memasaknya di sini", tulis je "i cooked here last night"

Susah?

____

Tidak sama PRESENT PERFECT

(i have taken it - cuma satu cerita) 

dengan PAST PERFECT 

(yesterday when you came, i HAD TAKEN it - ada dua cerita)

tenses in english - yeayy we have learnt all tenses in english

I have a car

Saya ada sebuah kereta✅

You are playing football now

Kamu bermain bola sekarang✅

💡They have been there

Mereka sudah berada disana.✅👍👍

I have been living here since last year

Saya sudah tinggal disini SEJAK tahun lepas ✅👍

I lived in London(elok tulus bila) in 2005

Saya ~pernah~ tinggal di London pada tahun 2005. Jangan tulus"pernah".

I used to live in london= pernah✅

I have lived in london = pernah✅

I was playing "when she came yesterday "

Saya sedang bermain "semasa dia datang" semalam

He had already worked when i came

Dia pernah bekerja ❌ dia dah habis kerja semasa saya dtg✅

I had been watching

Saya dari tadi hingga skrg sedang leka menonton✅

I will come

Saya akan datang✅

____

1_He had worked (Past Perfect) ❌

-> *dia sudah bekerja*❌

☝️

*awal-awal lagi ayat ni dah salah*

Tidak boleh guna "had worked" jika ada satu cerita sahaja. Mesti tambah satu lagi cerita. Kalau satu cerita JANGAN GUNA Past Perfect. Jangan guna "HAD+Participle) kalau tidak pandai tulis "when"

*He had worked (Cerita pertama) *when* I arrived there (cerita kedua)

2_He will have finished (future perfect)

-> *dia akan menamatkan*❌

-> *dia AKAN SUDAH selesaikan/habiskan kerja itu✅

have finished bererti "SUDAH HABIS (Sudah selesaikan)

HAVE BERERTI "SUDAH"

☝️

*awal-awal lagi ayat ni dah salah*

Tidak boleh guna "will have finished" jika ada satu cerita sahaja. Mesti tambah satu lagi cerita. Kalau satu cerita JANGAN GUNA Future Perfect. Jangan guna "HAVE+Participle) kalau tidak pandai tulis "when"

*He will have finished it (Cerita pertama) tomorrow *when* I arrive there (cerita kedua)

3_ The movie will has been starting (future Perfect continuous)

-> *filem itu akan memulakan (aksi yg berterusan)*❌ (SALAH TERJEMAH)

Filem itu *akan sedang ditayangkan* esok bila awak sampai nanti✅

Will Have been starting bererti "akan sudah dimulakan (akan sedang ditayangkan)

☝️

*awal-awal lagi ayat ni dah salah*

Tidak boleh guna "will have been finished" jika ada satu cerita sahaja. Mesti tambah satu lagi cerita. Kalau satu cerita JANGAN GUNA Future Perfect. Jangan guna "HAVE+Participle) kalau tidak pandai tulis "when"

*He will have finished it (Cerita pertama) tomorrow *when* I arrive there (cerita kedua)

Mesti ada dua cerita, baru boleh guna ketiga-tiga ayat ini

future tenses

Lihat:

Apa beza tiga ayat berikut:

1) I *will eat* at your house next week ✅ 

= saya akan makan di rumah awak minggu depan

Ini adalah *Simple Future Tense*

2) next week at 10 pm when the sun shines, i *will be going* to your house ✅

= minggu depan jam 10 semasa matahari menyinari, aku akan berada dalam keadaan SEDANG MAKAN di rumahmu

*Future Continuous Tense*

3) next week at 10 pm when the sun shines, *i will have eaten* at your house✅

= saya akan dh sudah (telah habis) makan  di rumah awak minggu depan bila matahari menyinar)

*Future Perfect*

*****

Mmg susah sikit nak faham.

Tapi ingat formula je.

1) Kalau berterusan berlaku di masa depan, mesti "ing form" (Continuous)

*I will be staying there next year*

2) kalau akan "sudah berlaku" dimasa dpn, mesti ada "HAVE + Participle"

*I will have finished it by 10 pm tomorrow.*

ulangkaji maksud has/have/had

Ulangkaji kesah HAVE & HAS

*HAVE/HAS/HAD*

*Sebagai "aux verb"*

1) sudah@telah

2) jika

*Sebagai Verb*

1) ada/mempunyai

2) ada sifat tertentu..Imbuhan 'BER'

3) pengalaman

4) mengadakan

5) dijadualkan, ada

6) fikiran / perasaan

7) mesti/harus/perlu/terpaksa

8) menerima / mendapat

9) makan / minum

10) mengalahkan

11) kena tipu / tertipu

12) mahu/ suka

13) meminta / menyuruh

 Ada 4 maksud penting kan?😁

1) memiliki

2) agar

3) bila have bertemu dgn TO dan diikuti VERB (paksa/mesti/perlu/buat)

4) makan/minum

=================

1)sudah

2)jika, kalaulah, andaikata

3)memiliki

4)mengadakan

5)ada temujanji

6)perasaan

7)mesti

8)menerima

9)mengambil

10)mengalahkn

11)tertipu

12)tidak suka/mahu

13)meminta/menyuruh

hanya had+past participle shj wajib ada 2 ayat (had ada bangak maksud ya!)

Sebab itu perlu diulangi bahawa "HAVE/HAS/HAD" ada hampir 10 makna. Minta jangan keliru. Jangan sangka HAD cuma ada satu makna atau satu kegunaan. Awas dan hati-hati ye:

1) HAVE/HAS bererti ADA MEMILIKI (Past tense = Had)

*I had a wife last year*. Yang in tidak ada kena mengenai dengan "PAST PERFECT"

Cerita sekarang ialah mengenai kegunaan HAVE/HAS/HAD *yang ke EMPAT* iaitu HAD yang bergabung dengan PAST PARTICIPLE sahaja ye, Lupakan HAD yang lain ye!

2) HAVE TO /HAS TO bererti PERLU/TERPAKSA/MESTI (Past tense = Had to)

*I had to get married* last month

3) I had a good time last year. WE HAD FUN!

*Cerita sekarang ialah mengenai kegunaan HAVE/HAS/HAD *yang ke EMPAT* iaitu HAD yang bergabung dengan PAST PARTICIPLE sahaja ye, Lupakan HAD yang lain ye!*

Tuliskan di sini semua erti dan kegunaan HAVE/HAS/HAD mengikut kamus dewan.

👇

HAD yang TIDAK BERGABUNG dengan PAST PARTICIPLE tidak diberikan syarat sebab bukan kes "PAST PERFECT"

HAD + Past Participle (wajib ada 2 ayat, Past form + had form)

Had + past participle

Lihat contoh:.

John *had gone* out when *we arrived* at the office

Miza *had learned* it before *we started* our class last year.

☝️

Melalui dua contoh ini,  apakah yang anda faham mengenai " *had + past participle* "?

___

👇 yg ni amacam. Boleh faham tak:

Bila nk guna:

1) aksi yg yg berlaku sebelum satu aksi yg lain pd masa dahulu

Use with: when + past simple, June, last tuesday

2) berapa lama (tempoh) utk satu titik pd masa dahulu

Use with: when + past simple, for time

3) perkara yg tak logik pd masa dahulu

Use with: third conditional, wish

___

 Ia digunaka utk menjelaskan bahawa satu peristiwa berlaku sebelum satu peristiwa yg lain pada masa dahulu. Tak kesah peristiwa mana yg berlaku dahulu, ayat tersebut menjelaskan yg mana berlaku dahulu.

____

"Have learned" sama jer dgn "had learned" tapi digunakan pada satu masa dulu SEBELUM satu perkara lain berlaku di masa lepas!

Have learned adalah kesah skrg

Had learned kesah dulu sebelum perkara lain berlaku. 

Sebelum kita mulakan kelas tahun lepas, dia sudah telahpun belajar!

____

Yes. Mesti ada DUA cerita baru boleh guna "HAD+Participle". Satu cerita sahaja tak boleh yer. Serita pertama mesti SIMPLE PAST, cerita kedua barulah PAST PERFECT

____

When i arrived at the station yesterday at 8 pm, the bus HAD LEFT!

Nampak tak?

2) Last week, Tun Dr Mahathir said, he HAD ALREADY RESIGNED!

Jangan tiba2 terus tulis "She had washed it" tanpa cerita kedua. Salah. Kalau rajin sangat nak guna "HAD", buat macam ni:

Last night when I woke up ("cerita pertama"), she had already washed my clothes ("cerita kedua" yang telah terjadi sebelum cerita pertama tadi).

*****

ingat. Kalau malas tulis "when" (means semasa/apabila ya bukan bila?)

jangan tulis "I was eating" atau "I had eaten"

Tulis "I ate" sudah (jika past tense)!

Kalau malas tulis semasa/when tolong jgn terfikir nak guna HAD okayh?

past perfect

Beralih ke PAST PERFECT pulak ye.

Kalau *Present Perfect* guna *HAVE/HAS + past participle*

maka PAST PERFECT guna apa?

Yes... guna *HAD + past participle*

misal:

i had taken it....

She had left ....

You had broken my heart

Tapi bila pulak nak guna bentuk ini?

____

Awas. Sama seperti present Perfect, Past Perfect juga mestilah gunakan Past Participle:

I *had taken* it ✅ I had take it ❌  i had took it  ❌ i had taking it ❌

____

Google search "Past Perfect" now!

Apa itu past Perfect. Bila masa mesti guna past perfect?

present participle

Has been = dah pernah, dah jadi

___

Ainna was good last year

Ainna baik tahun lepas

___

Ainna has been good recently

Ainna dah jadi baik baru2 ini

___

Aini has been good

Aini dah jadi baik

___

Saya dah makan

I have eaten

I already eat

I already have (have=makan)

I have taken breakfast

___

Ada been untuk ayat tiada verb sahaja!

Been adalah sama dgn is are am was were (tapi masa tak tahu dan xpenting)

___

When I came to her house she was eating.

___

Ada 8 jenis perkara sudah berlaku

1_dah berlaku dan selesai

2_dah berlaku dan tahu bila? (When=semasa) I was writing when she entered this office.

3_dah berlaku dan belum habis lg (since)

4_dah berlaku dan berulang2 (many times)

5_dah berlaku baruuu saja (just)

6_dah berlaku masa xpenting(already -dah/belum)

7_

____

Inform tentang masa? 

Masa diberitahu. Tarikh diketahui atau bila waktu kejadian itu berlaku amatlah penting.

Kecuali gunakan present perfect jika sebut ini:

-Since

-Before

-Already

-Many times

-Until now

-just

-Lately

-recently

____

KECUALI

Yang lain (yesterday, LAST month, last night, at 3pm this morning dll) jika sebut shj maka guna SIMPLE PAST TENSE

___

Yang jadi Simple Past Tense ialah bila anda tulis "When? Bila? Pada pukul berapa, pada tahun bila, tepat pada waktu bila?"

Kalau sebut "semenjak (since)" bukanlah "pada waktu bila pada hari apa").

Sebut "dah byk kali berkali2" juga bukan sebut setepat2nya hari apa,  tahun bila.

Lihat:

 "Sejak dari dulu hingga sekarang belum selesai"... *Present perfect*

 Tetapi

Pada hari tarikh dan waktu tepat sekian sekian" dan selesai, kesah silam: *Simple Past Tense!*

____

Jawapan:

3) I have been eating since last week

ertinya:

Saya dari minggu lepas hingga ke saat ini masih lagi sedang makan belum selesai lagi

😁😄😃😀😆

Case Past Participle _ present perfect

Ada dua kes di sini:

Kes PERTAMA - ayat ini tiada verb:

I *have been* to Kuala Lumpur

Kes KEDUA (berbeza sikit - ayat ini ADA VERB)

2. She *has been caught* by the police (caught berasal dari CATCH: Verb!)

3. Joey *has been told* to keep quiet (told berasal dari TELL: Verb!)

Nampak tak dua2 perbezaan ini?

Satu ayat tiada verb dan satu ayat ada verb.

___

Penggunaan "BEEN" dalam bahasa Inggeris

*KES PERTAMA:*

BEEN diikuti oleh NOUNS atau ADJECTIVES (ayat yang TIADA VERBS) seperti "He has BEEN to Singapore (tiada verbs)" boleh diterjemahkan sebagai - Dia PERNAH pergi ke Singapura ATAU Dia PERNAH berada di Singapura ATAU Dia PERNAH kunjungi Singapura 

*KES KEDUA:*

TETAPI jika sudah ada VERBS?? 

*He has GONE to Singapore* (GO adalah VERBS - tukar GO menjadi GONE (Past Participle & Adjective) - dia SUDAH pergi ke Singapura (Boleh juga sebut "he has visited Singapore")

*You have TOLD her* (tiada BEEN sebab sudah ada verb "TELL" yang telah ditukar menjadi "TOLD) bererti "awak sudah beritahu dia". Lihat: TIADA "BEEN" jika sudah ada VERBS.

Jika guna HAVE BEEN dan terus diikuti oleh NOUN atau ADJECTIVE, maka BEEN boleh diterjemahkan sebagai PERNAH (= dah biasa)

She *has been* good (adjective) - dia *pernah* jadi baik

She *has been* a housewife (noun) - dia *pernah* jadi seorang suri rumah  

*KES KETIGA:*

Jika selepas HAVE BEEN terus diikuti oleh VERB - Past Participle Form (Adjective)? Macam mana pulak? Bolehkah diterjemah kebagai "pernah"?

Contoh: "I have been told" (have been diikuti oleh VERB "tell" yang telah ditukar jadi Past Participle "TOLD"

Macam mana?

*KES KEEMPAT:*

Jika selepas HAVE BEEN terus diikuti oleh VERB yang telah ditukar ke Present Participle/Adjective "ing form"? Macam mana pulak? Bolehkah diterjemah sebagai "pernah"? Nak diterjemah macam mana??

Contoh: "I have been telling" (have been diikuti oleh VERB "tell" yang telah ditukar jadi Present Participle  (ing Form) "TELLING")

___

Anda sedang melihat perbizaan antara 

1) I *have told* you (tiada BEEN)

2) I *have been told* (BEEN diikuti oleh Past Participle)

3) I *have been telling* you (BEEN diikuti oleh Present Participle - ing)

Boleh kesan sendiri apa beza semua ni

____

She is eating =

Dia SEDANG makan (bila? *sekarang*)

= She is eating NOW✅

She is eating YESTERDAY 😳❓❓

Yesterday mana boleh pakai "IS"?? 

*Gross mistake* 

Yesterday, when i reached home, *she WAS eating* 😁✅✅👍

Present (now) = IS

Past (yesterday) = WAS.

TAPI?

Kalau

1) dah berlaku tapi tak tahu bila masa

2) dah lama berlaku tapi BELUM SELESAI hingga sekarang

3) dah terjadi baru sahaja 2 saat sebentar tadi

4) sudah dilakukan banyak kali dah, akan diulangi lagi selepas ini

☝️ Jika salah satu dari 4 kes masa di atas, nak guna yang mana?

1) She IS eating?

2) she WAS eating?

3) she ...... eat?

☝️pilih salah satu 

Pls post your answer as soon as possible

___

Perhatikan set ini.

Rasanya semua orang tak sangka adanya set dan rule yang tepat. Tersilap pilih bererti "English anda belum settle"

Lihat SET ini:

1) I *eat* here "every week"

2) I *ate* here "last week"

3) i *have eaten* here (digunakan jika salah satu dari 4 kes tadi)

____

Lihat SET ini:

1) I *eat* here "every week"

2) I *ate* here "last week"

3) i *have eaten* here (digunakan jika salah satu dari 4 kes tadi)

Apa beza set di atas dengan set di bawah ini:

1) i *am _eating_* now

2) i *was  _eating_* when she came yesterday

3) i *??? _eating_* since last week (until now i still haven't finished eating)

___

Passive Voice VS Active Voice

Apakah dia PASSIVE VOICE?

Mudah je. Passive voice adalah ayat yang meletakkan SUBJEK sebagai mangsa (kena buat).

Walaubagaimanapun, semua ayat berubah mengikut MASA. Bila? Bila? Bila.

Sekarang? 

*She is told to stay*

Bulan lepas? 

*Last month she WAS told to stay*

Masa tak tahu? Lupa minggu bila benda tu berlaku? Belum selesai?

*She has been told to stay*

_______

Passive Voice;

1)  Present tense - i am surprised now

2)  Past tense - *i was surprised yesterday*

3) present perfect? Jika masa tidak disebut atau dh berlaku tapi belum selesai?

i have been surprised.

___

*Passive Voice;*

(Subjek jadi mangsa - subjek dijadikan mangsa)

1)  Present tense - *the book is sold now*

2)  Past tense - *the book was sold yesterday*

3) present perfect? Jika masa tidak disebut atau dh berlaku tapi belum selesai?

The book has been sold.

____

*Passive Voice;*

👇

(Subjek jadi mangsa - subjek dijadikan mangsa)

1)  Present tense - *you are hired now*

2)  Past tense - *you were hired last year*

3) present perfect? Jika masa tidak disebut atau dh berlaku tapi belum selesai?

You have been hired.

____

Silap. resend:

Apakah dia ACTIVE VOICE?

Mudah je. Active voice adalah berlawanan dgn PASSIVE VOICE, iaitu ayat yang meletakkan SUBJEK sebagai pembuat (insan yg aktif membuat).

Walaubagaimanapun, semua ayat berubah mengikut MASA. Bila? Bila? Bila.

Sekarang? Berulangkali? Lumrah?

*She tells me to stay*

Bulan lepas? 

*Last month she told me to stay*

Masa tak tahu? Lupa minggu bila benda tu berlaku? Belum selesai?

*She has told me to stay*

____

I have been to kuala lumpur

Saya sudah pernah ke kuala lumpur

Have been = sudah pernah

_____

Ada dua kes di sini:

Kes PERTAMA - ayat ini tiada verb:

I *have been* to Kuala Lumpur

Kes KEDUA (berbeza sikit - ayat ini ADA VERB)

2. She *has been caught* by the police (caught berasal dari CATCH: Verb!)

3. Joey *has been told* to keep quiet (told berasal dari TELL: Verb!)

Nampak tak dua2 perbezaan ini?

present perfect

Saya sudah tgk movie itu

I have seen the movie

VS

Saya tengok movie itu semalam

I saw the movie YESTERDAY

I watched the movie YESTERDAY

SO APA BEZA?

BEZANYA PAST FORM ADA SPECIFIC MASA YE! WAJIB ADA YESTERDAY ETC.

You are tired (adjective tak berubah) 

Verb shj yg berubah

You were tired (past form)

I am good (k.i)

I was good (s.i/tadi)

You were confused (s.i/tadi/ini bukan verb past tense ini adjective ye bukan p.p)

You are confused (k.i)

Itu kalau skrg atau dah lepas..kalau tak tau masa mcm mana?

Aku berada di sini sekarang

I am here now 

Minggu lepas aku ada sini

I was here last week

Kalau...

sy pernah berada disini (masa xpenting)

I have been here

P.p for is/are/am/was/were adalah been

I have been loved by you @ i have been loving you.

Passice voice : is are am was were + p.p 

Awak sudah berada disini sejak semalam

You have been here since last night

Mereka pernah baik dgn saya( xtau bila)

They have been good to me.

Saya pernah nampak awak. Tp sy lupa kt mana.

I have seen/met you.

Aku pernah pergi/berada singapore.

I have been to singapore.

Nadia pernah menjadi seorg gadis yg kuat.

Nadia has been strong.

Have+p.p atau have+been =sudah pernah

Gunakan "have been" bila ayat tiada VERBS.

- I have been here 

- She has been good to me

- We have been to his house

- I have been nice to you.

Ingat:

Gunakan "have been" hanya untuk

1) menyatakan "pernah"

2) jangan tulis BILA. Kalau tulis BILA, terus jadi Simple Past.

3) dah berlaku tapi belum selesai.

"The company has been here since last month" (until now)

4) baru sebentar shj tadi

"He has just been there"

5) tiada verb selepas been

Have been eat ❌

Have been eats❌

Have been ate ❌

Saya makan setiap hari:

*I eat every day*

Minggu lepas saya makan di sini

*Last week i ate here*

Dia makan setiap malam

*Every night she eatS*

Ali sedang makan sekarang.

*Ali is eating now*

Ali dimakan oleh seekor ular hari ini

*Ali is eaten by a snake*

Ali dimakan oleh seekor ular semalam

*Ali was eaten by a snake yesterday*

Ali sudah memakannya

*Ali has eaten it*

Ali sdg makan semasa saya sampai di sana

*Ali was eating when i arrived there yesterday*

: Jangan suka2 letak was atau have tanpa sedar apa fungsinya.

________

Jadi Was hanya untuk

Sedang

Ali was eating a cake✅ Ali sdg makan kek semasa saya sampai.

Passive voice (subjek jadi mangsa)

Ali was eaten by tiger✅ Ali TELAH DI makan oleh harimau

Word Of The Day: Instead_21052020_Thu

INSTEAD

---

1- sebagai ganti
2- sebaliknya
3- dan tidak
4- dan bukan
5- daripada

---

Instead is an adjective. There are 5 meaning of instead. So please make sentences for each of the maeaning.

---

Sebagai ganti: 

If she doesn't want to go, let me go instead.

--

Sebaliknya: 

That one is too small, i'll go for this one instead.

--

dan tidak: 

they sit in the balcony instead of living area.

--

dan bukan: 

give me the red one instead of green one.

--

daripada: 

instead of disturbing me, u had better do your homework.

has/have bergabung dengan Past Participle - present prefect (SUMMARY)

"Present Perfect" adalah gabungan antara HAVE/HAS dengan PAST PARTICIPLE.

Contoh:

1) I *have seen* you before

2) she *has gone* away

Gunakan PRESENT PERFECT jika sesuatu itu SUDAH BERLAKU?

Sudah berlaku? Bukankah sudah berlaku kena guna PAST TENSE??

Mesti dapat bezakan antara dua itu ya.

Kita mesti gunakan PRESENT PERFECT untuk perkara yg sudah berlaku untuk jenis2 ayat yg berikut:

1) SINCE

2) MANY TIMES BEFORE 

3) ALREADY

4) JUST

S.M.A.J

i.e.

1) she has stayed there for years.

2) she has gone to china several times before.

3) she has already eaten the cake.

4) She has just talked to her boss.

Exercise 02

Translate below to English please.

Questions:

1) Kita mesti beli ayam yg telah digoreng dan jangan beli telor yg telah direbus.

2) Air yg sedang mendidih mestilah diasingkan dari air yg telah ditapis atau air yg telah tercemar

3) anda perlu ada satu perniagaan yg sedang berjalan, bukannya organisasi-organisasi yg hanya telah didaftarkan.

______

Answers:

1) We must buy fried chickens and don't buy boiled eggs.

2) Boiling water must be separated from filtered water or contaminated water.

3) you need to have a running business, not only registered organizations.

Exercise 01

Tukar BASE FORM berikut kepada apa-apa FORM yang sepatutnya:

Questions:

1) I come ____ here many times already

2) They ____ just sleep ____ there

3) She stay ____ in my house last night

4) He look ____ at me everyday

5) You fry ____ rice several times before

6) I speak ____ loudly last week

7) I ____ just see ___ a beautiful bird

8) She ____ just go ____ out

9) I tell ____ you many times before

10) She ____ already eat ____ this fish

11) He finish ____ his dinner at about 8am this morning

12) They cry ____ since this morning

________

Answers:

1) I have come here many times already

2) They have just slept there

3) She stayed in my house last night

4) He looks at me everyday

5) You have fried rice several times before

6) I spoke loudly last week

7) I have just seen a beautiful bird

8) She has just gone out

9) I have told you many times before

10) She has already eaten this fish

11) He finished his dinner at about 8am this morning

12) They have cried since this morning

BASE FORM - SUMMARY

---
Base form boleh dikategorikan kepada 5 kumpulan besar:
1- Rutin (perkara berulang)
2- Arahan
3- Selepas modal verb
4- Selepas stative verb
5- Selepas Do/does/doesn't/don't/did

---
Rutin (perkara berulang)
1- Hobby
2- Sports
3- transport

---
Arahan
1- Cara memasak
2- beri arahan
3-

BASE FORM - exercise

Tanya dan jawab mesti dalam base form. Tanya mengenai perkara routine. i.e. hobby.
---

1- Hobby / Games / Sports

Questions:
What is your hobby?
What do you like to do during your free time?
Do you like to play sports?

Answers:
He likes to play football.

He always plays football on Tuesday evening.

Does he play football on Monday?

Yes, he plays football on Monday morning.

No, he doesn't play football on Monday.

---

2- Routine

How do you go to work?
How do you cook rice?

---

Does she scold you (everyday)?

Yes, she scolds me.

No, she doesn't scold me.

---

Bentuk "Participle" atau "Present Perfect" (HAS, HAVE & HAD)

Apa makna HAVE?

1- Agar
Have fun! Have a good day!
-------------------

2- mempunyai/memiliki/ada
I have a pen. Would you like to borrow?
------------------

3- Have TO - Terpaksa/mesti
I have to go now. The boss is waiting.
------------------

4- Makan/minum
Let's have some drink.
Please do have some cake.
-------------------

5- Sudah/Dah = present perfect
HAVE berpasangan dengan past participle (have + pp) = PRESENT PERFECT untuk ----- masih lagi (hingga sekarang) dan semenjak

PRESENT PERFECT mesti digunakan pada 5/6 tempat

1- perbuatan yang sudah berlaku tetapi belum selesai (STILL)
Rokiah has stayed there for years (she is still there)
I have taken your pen (i'm still having it)
Aminah has gone to market since 7am (she is still there)

2- kalau perkara itu telah berlaku dan berlakunya ia pada masa yang tidak pasti atau masa tidak perlu ditegaskan (masa tak perlu sebut)
Dah berlaku tapi tak perlu tahu masa bila (ALREADY)

They have gone to Subang Jaya.
Mereka sudah pergi ke Subang Jaya.

Samad has washed the clothes.
Dah basuh? bila? tak perlu tahu bila.

She has already eaten the food.

HAS = SUDAH
HASN'T = BELUM

3- berlaku berkali-kali tadi lagi atau dulu lagi dan mungkin diulangi lagi pada masa akan datang yang belum ditetapkan (MANY TIMES)

I have called razak several times
He has gone to england many times
They have met me a number of times

4- Baru saja berlaku sebentar tadi (JUST NOW)
Just happened. just now...just only

Mr Wan has just left his home for work.
We have just talked to the manager.
I have just given a copy to her.

Past Participle Adalah Adjectives Bukan Verb

Apa itu participle?

1. guna dalam ayat passive (dalam bentuk adjectives - iaitu ayat adjectives)
2. guna sebagai adjectives (sebelum noun)

Mesti ingat Base form dan past form TAK BOLEH jadi adjectives.
bukan fry chicken tapi fried chicken (fried disini bukan past form tapi past participle)
bukan spoke language tapi spoken language (MESTI guna past participle)

You are the wanted man (baca ikut cara arab - lelaki yang dimahukan) of the day. Wanted bukan past tense tapi adjective.

2 Jenis Adjectives yang dicuri dari Verb iaitu Passive dan Active: (Ayat Adjectives)
1) -ed (adalah jenis PASSIVE)

• I am satisfied (saya (ketika ini) dipuaskan)
• I am scared (saya (ketika ini) ditakutkan)
• I was scared (saya (tadi, semalam, minggu lepas) ditakutkan)

2) -ing (adalah jenis ACTIVE)

• This is very confusing
• This is so challenging

--------------------

Cuba buat ayat.

Verb (base form)--------------------------PASSIVE------------------------ACTIVE
1- Puas (satisfy)---------------------------Satisfied-------------------------Satisfying
I am satisfied with your work. Your work really satisfying.

2- Keliru (confuse)-----------------------Confused------------------------Confusing
I am confused with her question. The question is confusing.

3- Cabar (challenge)---------------------Challenged----------------------Challenging
I was challenged by her last week.
4- Kecewa (disappoint)
5- Kejut (surprise)
6- Bosan (bore)
7- Takut (scare)
8- Kagum (amaze)

---------------------

ACTIVE PARTICIPLE

Beza adjectives yang passive dengan active adalah kerja/action yang sedang atau telah terjadi.

PASSIVE----------------------------------------------------------------------ACTIVE
Fallen trees--------------------------------------------------------------------Falling trees 
gone case----------------------------------------------------------------------on going case
cooked meal-------------------------------------------------------------------cooking machine                   

Maksud "AS"

Assalamualaikum...

Ok for today's post I would like to list down the meaning of "AS" as many as I can

1- As {adjective} as; se {cepat/banyak} mungkin
Please come as quickly as you can

2- As {adjective} as; sama {pandai} dengan
You are as clever as your father

3- Sebagai;
She works as a tour guide with the travel agent
I give you this advise because I love you as a friend

4- atas sebab/kerana
the candidate was rejected as unsuitable

5-

bentuk verb yg baru past participle

Was + ing = sedang

I was driving (saya sedang memandu)

Bentuk participle atau perfect

Do

Does

Did

Doing

Done

Semua maksud sama buat/melakukan

--------------------------------

Bezanya jenis ayat nak buat tu mcmana

Past participle ada 3 jenis/bentuk:

1) sama dgn past form

2) sama dgn present tense

3) bentuk nun mati dam tanwin (done/drunk/sung/eaten)
--------------------------------

Do did has/have do@done

Come came come

Run ran run

Give gave given

Dia suka berpasangan dgn is/are/am/was/were

Sudah berlaku tapi bukan past tense

Passive voice = is/are/am/was/were + pp

Sudah atau telah , apabila was/were + pp SHJ (di...)

I was attacked = sy telah di serang

I am attacked = sy sedang diserang 

Elephant were found = gajah telah ditemui

I was forgiven by your father = sy telah di

I was scolded = sy telah dimarahi

She was taken = dia telah dibawa

She is scolded = dia sedang dimarahi

Siti menasihati = she adviced

Siti telah dinasihati = she was adviced

Ali boleh ditemui disini , ali can be met here

Program ini telah dibatalkan malam yadi dan saya telah diberitahu mengenainya.

The program was cancelled last night and i was told 

Pp = adjective

Selepas be mesti pp/adjective

Was = dalam keadaan (utk ayat adjective)

Kuasailah "Passive Voice"

Ingatlah bahawa Past Participle adalah ADJECTIVEs, bukannya verbs! Sebab itu ada VERB TO BE

ada 5 tempat mesti kita guna Part Participle. Kita baru belajar dua:

1) Membina ayat PASSIVE - Present (IS ARE AM)

2) Membina ayat PASSIVE - Past (WAS WERE)

3)?

4)?

5)?

"Sudah berlaku" bukan satu jenis. Jangan sangka sudah berlaku sahaja terus guna Past Tense.

1) Sudah berlaku tetapi subject jadi mangsa - *Verb to be + past participle*

2) Sudah sempurna berlaku di masa lepas (masa ditulis atau difahami) *Simple Past Tense*

3) Sudah berlaku tetapi berlaku sebelum dan selepas satu kejadian lain berlaku *past continuous Tense*

4) ?

5, 6, 7 ,8 9) ?

10) ?

Modal verbs mesti diikuti oleh BaseForm:

I could do it✅

Yg lain DILARANG MASUK.

I could doing it❌

I could done it❌

I could does it❌

I could did it❌

Tetapi ADJECTIVE BOLEH MASUK, dengan syarat? Apa syarat?

Dgn syarat ada BE

I could *be* strong

You must *be* good

She will *be* careful.

Dan PAST PARTICIPLE juga bertaraf ADJECTIVE. 

Faham.

So, PAST PARTICIPLE boleh masuk dengan syarat ada apa? Ada BE.

🙂😁

-You should *BE forgiven*✅

-We would *be advised*✅

- Tuan Puteri Miza could *be promoted*✅

- Datin Ita's heart must not *be broken*✅

hanya adjective dan Past Participle sahaja yang boleh masuk selepas "be". Ok?

______________

Bila Past Form dah dirampas dan dicuri oleh Past Participle, jangan sangka dia VERB past form lagi. Dia sudah 100% menjadi milik Adjective walaupun ejaan dan bunyi sama, walau pun sama bentuknya

Kalau Past Form - VERB

Kalau Particple - Adjective

Jgn sangka "informed" dan "meant" hanya digunakan oleh Past Tense. Bentuk yang sebiji sama juga digunakan oleh adjective atau Participle.

____________

susah juga kita nak lihat bahawa "finished" yang asalnya PAST TENSE kita telah berubah menjelma dan menyamar sebagai ADJECTIVE.

___________

Past participle (baris yg ketiga) = adjective

Wajib ingat ni dia bukan lg verb past tense walaupun bentuknya ejaannya sama sebijik.

____________

Exercise:

Translate to English Please!

1) Beg anda mesti ditinggalkan di sini

2) Kami berkemungkinan akan dilupakan

3) Kereta-kereta mesti jangan di letak di sini

4) saya mahu Syakira dilatih esok 

5) Ini boleh dilakukan di sini sekarang

6) ikan ini tidak boleh dimasak dengan segera

7) Ubat ini mesti dimakan setiap pagi 

8) jangan biarkan diri anda dilupakan

______

1) Your beg must be left here

2) We probably will be forgotten

3) Cars must not be parked here

4) I want Syakira to be trained tomorrow

5) This can be done here now

6) This fish can't be eaten every morning

7) This medicine must be eaten every morning

8) Don't let yourself be forgotten

__________

Kadang2 Past Participle hidup sendiri tiada pasangan. Tadi dia berpasangan dengan IS ARE AM WAS WERE. Kadang2 dia sombong tak mahu berkawan dengan sesiapa. Ketika ini, Part Participle adalah 100% ADJECTIVES

Lihat: Tiada IS ARE AM WAS WERE dalam semua ayat ini:

Past continuous tense

5 keadaan di mana "past continuous tense" digunakan, (bukan Past Tense):

👇 (Boleh terjemahkan?)

👇

We use the past continuous to talk about the past _(Kita guna past continuos untuk bercakap mengenai perkara lepas)_ 

*1) for something which happened before and after another action:*

 _Pada sesuatu yang berlaku sebelum dan selepas perbuatan yang lain_ 

-The children were doing their homework when I got home.

_Anak2 sedang buat kerja rumah mereka semasa saya tiba di rumah_

_Compare: The children did their homework when (= after) I got home_

_Anak2 buat kerja rumah mereka semasa saya tiba di rumah_

This use of the past continuous is very common at the beginning of a story:

-The other day I was waiting for a bus when …

_pada hari itu, saya sedang menunggu sebuah bas semasa.._

-Last week, as I was driving to work, … 

_Minggu lepas, semasa saya sedang memandu ke tempat kerja_

*2) for something that happened before and after a specific time:*

_sesuatu yang berlaku sebelum dan selepas satu masa tertentu_

It was eight o'clock. I was writing a letter.

_Pukul 8. Saya sedang menulis sepucuk surat_

_Compare: At eight o'clock I wrote (= started writing) some letters._

_Pada pukul 8 saya tulis a beberapa surat_

*3) to show that something continued for some time:*

_untuk menunjukkan sesuatu berterusan untuk beberapa ketika_

- My head was aching.

_kepala saya sakit_

- Everyone was shouting.

_setiap orang menjerit_

*4) for something that happened again and again:*

_untuk sesuatu yang berlaku lagi dan lagi_ 

- I was practising every day, three times a day.

_saya berlatih setiap hari, 3 kali sehari_

- They were meeting secretly after school.

_mereka berjumpa secara rahsia selepas sekolah_

- They were always quarrelling.

_mereka sentiasa bergaduh_

*5) with verbs which show change or growth:*

_dengan verb yang menunjukkan perubahan dan perkembangan_

- The children were growing up quickly.

_anak2 membesar dengan cepat_

- Her English was improving.

_englishnya bertambah baik_

- My hair was going grey.

_rambut saya menjadi kelabu_

- The town was changing quickly.

_bandar tersebut berubah dengan cepat_

☝️

Ok kita try buat latihan

Past Continuous:

My folks were *(sedang?)* always putting him down.

SAMA dengan "My parents were talking"

syarat2 past form: causative verb (let, make, have, get, help)

1) I was *(jadi?)* lost standing in the wilderness downtown.

👇

*I was lost (past)* SAMA dengan "I am lost (present)" = saya sesat/hilang.

*WAS adalah PAST TENSE untuk IS/AM*

👇

Judy's smile was *(tak pasti erti was disini)* so mean (="jahat").

👇

 SAMA dengan "Judy's smile is so bad". Sama dengan "Judy's son is/was so clever."

👇

"But i knew he was *(sedang?)* sad" SAMA dengan "i knew he is sad, you are good, I am fine"

When i looked the cafe was empty. *Was ini bererti sudah?*

SAMA dgn "the room is empty. The man was here, the cat was fat"

☝️

*Semua ini sama kes.*

Melayu: dia sedih

English: he is sad now and he WAS happy last night

2) perkataan yg past tense dgn present tense TIDAK BERUBAH

👇

Well it hurt *(hurt = past form?)* me so to see them dance together.

*HURT = Past tense TIDAK BERUBAH* serupa seperti present tense. Sama seperti HIT, PUT dan CUT.

3) Past Continuous:

My folks were *(sedang?)* always putting him down.

SAMA dengan "My parents were talking"

4) Then i heard jose *say* *why suddenly base form* 

👇

I let him "go"

I made him "cry"

I heard him "say"

*Semua ini adalah penggunaan Base Form after certain verbs.*

No 4:

Boleh guna "ing form" dan/atau "BASE FORM" setiap kali selepas "certain verbs" iaitu

1) Causative Verbs

2) Sense Verbs

☝️ Boleh google search.

 https://www.espressoenglish.net/causative-verbs-in-english-let-make-have-get-help/

Verbs selepas "SENSE & CAUSATIVE VERBS" tidak boleh PAST FORM.

https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/what-are-sense-verbs

Ingat yer.

Jangan sangka bila sudah berlaku cerita tahun dulu semua verb letak "ed". Tolong sikit.

Dalam ayat PAST TENSE pun muncul BASE FORM dan ING FORM selain dari PAST FORM.

Practice Gunakan WAS

Dalam pelajaran yang lepas kita dah belajar mengenai meksud WAS iaitu sama maksud dengan IS/ARE/AM. Dan bukan sekali kali bermaksud telah/sudah ye. Ada lebih kurang 20++ maksud WAS yang telah kita pelajari. Jom kita tengok apa maksud WAS dalam ayat dibawah.

Apa erti semua WAS di sini? What is the meaning of WAS here?

1- Once upon a time, there WAS (terdapat/ada) a princess.
2- Her name WAS (ialah) Datin Miza.
3- She WAS (merupakan) a teenager and her house WAS (terletak) in front of my house.
4- She WAS (akan) jumping around the forest when a tiger suddenly appeared.
5- It was (berukuran) so big and scary and Datin Miza WAS (menjadi) so scared.
6- She ran away quickly because she knew that the tiger WAS (sedang) very hungry.

Banyak ya erti WAS jadi. Dan ini bukan saya yang reka. Ianya adalah seperti dalam kamus dewan bahasa dan pustaka. tak percaya sila check ya.

Mesti ada yang akan tanya perlu ke tahu semua maksud itu?
Yes, wajib tahu kalau anda nak kuasai bahasa ini.
Kalau taknak tak perlu la tahu. Teruskan berbahasa broken english.

------

Jawapan yang lebih tepat:

Apa erti semua WAS di sini

Once upon a time, there WAS (ada/terdapat) a princess. Her name WAS (ialah/adalah) Datin Miza. She WAS (merupakan/adalah) a teenager and her house WAS (berada/di) in front of my house. She WAS (sedang) jumping around the forest when a tiger suddenly appeared. It WAS (adalah) so big and scary and Datin Miza WAS (adalah/berada di dalam keadaan ) so scared. She ran away quickly because she knew that the tiger WAS (sedang/berada di dalam keadaan) very hungry.

Cuba translate ayat pendek ini dengan pantas!

Siapa dia? Siapakah dia?

Itu dia. Itulah dia.

Apa itu? Apakah itu?

Siapa itu? Siapakah itu?

Apa ini? Apakah ini?

Dimana dia? Dimanakah dia?

______

Who is she? Who is he?

That's him. That's her.

What's that? What is that. 

What's this? What is this?

Where is he? Where is she?

______

Ayat adjectives (mesti ada is/are/am - tp is/are/am disini tiada maksud atau kalau nak translate juga yg paling hampir adalah jadi/menjadi)

Saya sesat. I am lost / I was lost

Dia jahat. She is mean. She was mean.

Senyuman dia jahat. Her smile is mean. Her smile was mean.

Senyumanmu jahat. Your smile is mean. Your smile was mean.

Dia pandai. You are clever. You were clever. 

Dia pandai. She is clever. She was clever. 

Saya teruk. I am bad. I was bad.

Dia sedih. She is sad. She was sedih.

Dia bagus/dia baik. She is good. She was good.

Cafe tersebut kosong. The cafe is empty. The cafe was empty.

Bilik tersebut kosong. The room is empty. The room was empty.

Kucing itu gemuk. The cat is fat. The cat was fat.

Saya penat. I am tired. I was tired.

Dia gembira. She is happy. She was happy.

*Nak ckp ayat2 ini ada 2 cara dalam bhs inggeris tp dalam bhs melayu ada 1 cara sahaja. Bezanya kene tahu pada ketika waktu ini atau pada waktu lepas.

Ayat adjective..saya penat ada 2 cara nak cakap..

K.I: ketika ini, i am tired

T.S.ML: Tadi. Semalam. Minggu lepas, i was tired. 

_______

Ayat noun (mesti ada is/are/am - disini is/are/am maksud ialah/merupakan)

Dia seorang guru. She is a teacher.

________

Ayat passive

I *am* informed

*Ketika ini (K.I)* saya SEDANG Diberitahu 

*T.S.ML: I *was* informed = saya diberitahu*

Would Could dan conditional if

Would you go with me? (Sudikah awak pergi dengan saya?)

Yes, i will. I would like to go with you.

No, i wont / wouldn't.

Could i go with u?

I could go with you.

You could win (possibility)

IF - Jika/sekiranya/kalau

IF ada masalah sikit dalam english. Ada 4 syarat:

1- if bersyarat mengenai fakta atau kenyataan (kalau keluar rumah terdedah dgn virus, jika awak sayang saya baru saya kahwon sgn awak ) - guna base form

2- kemungkinan (kalau hujan kita cancel, kalau awak belajar - guna base form

3- andaian atau hayalan atau imaginery (angan2) dan tak mungkin sgt jadi (kalau aku jd engkau aku lari, kalau aku mati aku jumpa kau dekat syurga, kalau aku menang lotteri aku nak travel satu dunia) - would you mind if i asked you something - verb guna past form

PAST FORM PART 3

Menukar base fom kepada past form

Past form digunakan dalam 3 keadaan:

1- untuk past tense (perkara yang dah lepas). Nak bercerita dgn kawan wajiblah kita guna past form - sentiasa fikir just now

2- perkara itu sudah sempurna berlaku (walaupun tidak katakan waktu)

3- yg dah berlaku dan disebut dan difahami bila (yesterday, 2 weeks ago, last week, last night, atc)

Ada 3 cara-cara untuk bercerita past tense, so time bercerita perkara lepas ingat 3 cara bercakap ini:

1- past form (verb terus ukar dari base form) -fikir just now

2- use was/were (jika tiada verb) ***feeling, dimana. How was your feeling? Where were you last night?

3- use had (untuk pemilikan di masa lalu)

Contohnya lagu maher zain - thank you Allah

I wandered in the dark (saya merayau rayau hilang dalam kegelapan)

You put in my way (Engkau letakkan dlm perjalananku - put ni dalam past form sama dgn base form tak berubah)

I walked everyday (sy berjalan setiap hari - cerita kisah silam mesti past form walaupun setiap hari)

I thank you with every breath i take (ni maksudnya setiap hari saya berterima kasih/bersyukur)

I was too proud (terlampau sombong) to see the truth and prostrate (sujud) to you until i took the first step

I realized (sedar) what i was missing (past continuos tense)

By (dengan) being (keadaan) far from you

Contoh:

Dia tak mahu belajar base form lagi

Nak guna doesn't ke didn't? 

She didn't want to learn past form anymore (kalau dia ckp pada masa lalu)

She doesn't want to learn past form anymore (kalau pada ketika itu)

TIPS

**Dalam kepala kita elok terus fikir just now. Just now terus guna past form

List of 52 grammar lessons you shall master!

1- S-form

2- 

2 Grammar Lessons of the Week: Week #1

Copy paste to every posts of grammar lessons

*I must learn 52 grammar lessons in 26 weeks

*This means 2 grammar lessons per week

*So what are the grammar lessons of the week? 

1- Sebelum cakap fikir dulu ayat tu ada verb atau tiada verb (ayat untuk noun/adjective)?

Kalau ada verb - jangan sekali kali nehii letak is/are/am/was/were

Kalau ayat tiada verb - iaitu ayat untuk noun/adjective wajib letak is/are/am/was/were

*TIADA WAS* di sini untuk ayat past tense. TIADA WAS KERANA IA AYAT ADA VERB

*I felt* all flushed with fever,

*Embarrassed* by crowd,

*I felt she found* my letters and *read* each one  out loud

*I prayed* that *she would finish* but *she just kept* right on

*She sang *as if *he knew me* in all my dark despair

and then *she looked* right through me as *if i wasn't there* (yang ini ada was & wasn't, kenapa? sebab TIADA VERB)

NOTE:

AYAT VERB - XDE IS/ARE/AM/WAS/WERE

2- Bila masa kita wajib menggunakan past form? 

*Dah berlaku dgn sempurna

*Ayat hayalan/fantasi/andaian/jangkaan

*Kalau nak bercakap dengan sopan

Words of the Day: 7/5/2020

Copy paste this in every page for words of the day

Key success to achieve this target: I must learn 2000 words by 31 dec 2020 which equal to 9 words a day.

*commonly use words, not the bombastic one

*take from the Quran/book u have read

*Make example for anything related to each word or grammar lesson that u knew

1-

Drink (v/n) *verb can be noun/adjective

Noun: drink/drinks *would u like to order any drinks madam? Hot drink? 

She drinks milk everyday *drinks here is verb*

She doesn't drink tea

She likes drinking juice from that restaurant

I would like to get some drinking water 

Let's have some drink

Drink water atleast 2L per day is good for your overall health

Do sit while drinking

He drank coffee this morning

Read basmalah before you drink

2-

Water (n)

Surprisingly dalam kamus DBP water ada beberapa maksud bukan sekadar air ya!

*Air - we came to drink some water, to drink a glass of water. 

*Air paip - please turn on the water. Tolong buka air paip tersebut.

*Permukaan air - the boy can swim under water

*Perairan - the ships collided in Malaysian waters

*Air mata air - tourists go to Bath for the waters

3-

Kalau air pasang surut panggil apa? 

Tides (n) 

The sun and moon both affect the tides

Low tide/ high tide

4-

Eat (v) *verb can be noun/adjective

Sorry i am eating, can we talk later please?

I like eating fishes and other seafoods.

Please eat slowly

You need to care of your eating habits *tabiat makan

Makan (sampai) habis - eat up *don't waste any food, so eat up children! 

Sit (v)

Kalau nak ajak makan lain pula ya.

Let's have a tea break *have disini bermaksud makan/minum

5-

Ajak/jemput/undang/pelawa *invite/ask

He invited me to his house yeaterday.

Kalau nak ajak tapi bahasa yang informal sikit just cakap *ask

He asks for dinner. Is it something special when someone asking for dinner?

6-

Sit (v) - duduk

He is sitting over there, just now he sat here

Do sit properly

Don't sit for too long in front of the computer

Please have a sit. Come and sit beside me.

*Bersidang - parliament usually sittings 3 days a week

*Terperap - her dirty clothes sittings in the bathroom

7-

Use (n) 

*penggunaan - the use of fertilizer to the soil

*Gunanya - it's no use worrying, what's the use of arguing with her, no use of talking to her

8-

Using (v) *using maksudnya menggunakan dan ia adalah verb bukan noun

Cut the wood by using chainsaw

9-

Have a shower / take a shower /take bath/ bath (v) *Mandi

Go take a shower. Pergi mandi!

She doesn't like to take a shower.

Have you taken a shower? No, i haven't.

How mane times do you take a shower everday? I take a shower twice a day.

Taking shower early in the morning is good for health.

TARGET 2020

Salamun alaikum

Bagi yang belum ada lg azam tahun ni (dah bulan 5 kan?) Yes, kita tak perlu tunggu awal tahun sahaja untuk bina azam. Ia perlu datang pada ketika dan masa yang diperlukan anytime anywhere. Apa kata kalau ambil azam atau target yang bakal dikongsikan ini untuk improve your learning path for english language? Rancang bagaimana dan set target date untuk improve in every possible way. 

Banyak benda yang kita wajib tahu kalau nak belajar satu-satu bahasa. Grammar tak dapat kita lari dari belajar grammar kalau tak jahanam bahasa tu. Speak! Ini sangat penting mengikut kajian bila kita bercakap kita akan lebih ingat. Makna! Wow banyaknya perkataan kita tak tahu macam mana nak belajar? Dengar! Kita wajib juga belajar dengar dengan jelas kerana belajar bahasa memang menggunakan semua pancaindera kita. 

1- How many words do you want to learn this year?

Target: I must learn 2000 words and its category by 31 dec 2020

How?

Bahagikan perkataan mengikut hari

Start date: 7 may 2020

Total no of days to 31 dec 2020: 239 days

So simple math 2000 ÷ 239 = 9 words per day

Hanya 9 perkataan sehari dan anda dapat capai target 2000 words by end of this year! How cool is that! But normally we take hard or bombastic words to learn. Please not anymore. Just take commonly use words so u can use it daily. Think about what u do on daily basis and write it in your safe keeping word of the day journal. Or I would suggest u can use Quran or books that u read. It helps u memorize while gain pahala at the same time. Jangan lupa catitkan category sekali ya. Adakah ia verb/noun/adjective etc. Ini akan memudahkan kita nak guna later.

2- How many grammar lessons do you want to learn this year?

Target: I must learn 52 grammar lessons by end of 2020

How? 

*U would only require to learn 2 grammar lessons per week and complete it in just 26 weeks out of 34 weeks.

*List down all 52 grammar lessons with date to complete them and thick when u are done

3- How many times do you want to practice speaking english this year?

Target: I must practice speaking 34 times with 4 different people by end of 2020

How?

*Try to find in facebook group

*Get only 4 people and speak once a week

4- How many books do you want to read this year? 

Target: I must finish to read 8 simple books this year (graded reader, abridged visions)

How? 

Read one book per month.

List down all the books and thick when u are done.

5- How many films do you want to watch this year?

Target: I must watch and learn 8 movies this year

How?

Watch one movie per month.

List down all the movies and thck when u are done.

Above all, u must prove that u are putting on your efforts, record everything and pray. Never forget to pray! Coz u'll get it not because of your effort alone. But it's dengan izinNya. Kalau tak kita tak akan dapat apa-apa pun. InsyaAllah.

PAST FORM [PART 2]

Bezakan cara bunyi di bawah:
I look at you everyday (look at disini - connection tu bunyi k)
I looked at you yesterday (looked at disini - connection tu bunyi t) (disini nak bunyi t atau d ye? to confirm)

Saya nak beritahu walaupun bila cerita past tense tapi datang juga base form! Bila tu?
Verb kedua selepas did/didn't adalah base form

Jawapan untuk mengiyakan dan menafikan perkara yang lepas:

Did she say it? (Selepas DID mesti base form) - nak soal untuk perkara lepas
Yes, she said it (tak nafi guna past form)
No, she didn't (nafi guna didn't) say (base form - mesti wajib guna dan kembali kepada asalnya) it yesterday

Yesterday I loved you > I did love you (Selepas DID mesti base form) (adakah maksud ini sama?)

Apa itu didn't?
Bila nak guna did not? bila nak guna didn't

I didn't understand
I didn't love you
I hated you - I did hate you - I didn't hate you
He didn't want to drink the water (dia tak nak minum pada waktu yang lepas)

Kenapa nak tukar don't kepada didn't? kenapa guna didn't?  kenapa tak guna doesn't?
Sebab cerita mengenai sesuatu yang berlaku di masa lepas
KENA TENGOK MASA
kita nak soal yang sekarang ke yang lepas?

Apa beza did not dan didn't?
*beza yang paling penting semasa bercakap guna > didn't, jangan guna did not semasa bercakap!
*mesti guna did not  untuk formal

Past form + verb (tidak guna was/had) untuk cara menjawab perkata yang dah lepas
+ They drank
- They didn't drink
+ We came
- We didn't come
+ I ate it
- I didn't eat it
+ You followed me
- You didn't follow me

Practice buat ayat dibawah:
1- Tidak, Munah tidak minum malam tadi dan ibunya makan dengannya disana
2- Tidak, awak tidak menyanyi lagi tetapi awak menjerit dengan kuat di situ pagi tadi
3- Tidak, kami tidak datang kemari bulan lepas tetapi kami tidur dirumah kawan-kawan
4- Tidak, saya tidak berlari di padang itu petang tadi dan kami semua tidak bermain disitu
5- Tidak, awak berdiri disini lagi walaupun kita tidak bermimpi bersama-sama
6- Tidak, dia (P) tidak tulis dibuku ini pagi tadi jadi kawannya tidak baca surat khabar itu

Practice to speak!!
everyday i forget
last week i forgot

everyday i remember
yesterday i remembered

Last night you observed me

Everyday i think about it
yesterday thought about it

everyday i hear his words one by one
yesterday i heard his words one by one

Note:
Mesti tahu ya noun tiada yang ada -ed. 

Dan ada DUA kegunaan ED

1) ED adalah PAST FORM digunakan sebagai PAST TENSE (Verb)

2) ED juga adalah ADJECTIVE, Bukan semua ed digunakan oleh Past Tense ye! Jgn macam2. I am tired. Ini sah sah bukan past tense ye. Buang mindset yg semua ed adalah past tense terus dari dalam minda anda ok?

PAST FORM

Bila kita nak guna past form? mesti ramai akan jawab perkara yang sudah berlaku/perkara yang lepas. Tapi tahukah anda. Ada juga yang sudah berlaku tapi kita tak boleh guna past form. haa? yeke? Dan perkara yang sudah berlaku ada 10 jenis ya.

Ada juga past form tapi tidak berlaku diwaktu lepas. Bila kita perlu guna past form tapi bukan berlaku pada masa lepas?
1- Hayalan - apa2 jenis fantasi hayalan yang dah berlaku, belum berlaku mesti guna past form
If I were you
Rupa-rupanya PAST FORM digunakan walaupun perbuatan itu BELUM PERNAH dan TIDAK berlaku pun! 

2- Past form digunakan juga untuk bersopan santun
Could you come here for a while please (Could adalah past tense untuk can)
Would you come to my house tonight (Would adalah past tense untuk will)

Jadi bila kita perlu guna past form?

3- Kita wajib guna past form untuk salah satu jenis perbuatan berikut:

3.1- telah sempurna berlaku (kalau tak pasti dah lepas ke belum JANGAN GUNA past form)

YES! Perfect!

*******Peristiwa atau kejadian (aktiviti) itu MESTILAH telah selesai dah tamat dah beres dah settled. 

*******Minta tolong JANGAN guna PAST TENSE* jika kejadian, pergerakan dan aktiviti itu *BELUM TAMAT atau belum sempurna* belum berakhir walaupun sudah berlaku sejak beribu2 tahun yang lepas. Boleh?

3.2- Pada satu waktu terdahulu

******* pada waktu terdahulu. Bukan esok lusa, bukan sedang berlaku, bukan perbuatan berulang, bukan keadaan sekarang, bukan kebiasaan bukan lumrah. OK?

3.3- di waktu tertentu yang "DISEBUT" atau "DIFAHAMI" - ditentukan/ditetapkan/dinyatakan/difahami - satu sejarah

Note:

Do/does jadi did (digunakan oleh semua i/you/they/we/he/she/it/the cat/ahmad - DID)
Past - is jadi was

When? Pada waktu itu yang tertentu dan disebut seperti dibawah:

• Last night - malam semalam
• Yesterday - Semalam/kelmarin
• Just now - Sebentar tadi
• This morning - Pagi tadi
• This evening - Malam tadi
• Last week - Minggu lepas
• Last month - Bulan lepas
• Last year - Tahun lepas
• Last time - Masa lalu
• Last sunday - Ahad lepas
• In the past - Dimasa lalu
• One hour ago - sejam lepas
• Before this - sebelum ini
• at that time - pada masa itu

*******Waktu kejadian dan pekerjaan itu berlaku ATAU masa aktiviti itu dilaksanakan & dibuat hendaklah sama ada "disebut dengan jelas"  atau difahami (tidak disebut tapi semua orang dapat bayangkan atau tahu bila tarikh dan waktu ianya berlaku)

a) Tidak perlu tulis yesterday yesterday yesterday 100 kali dalam satu cerita. Sebut sekali cukup ye

b) untuk novel, cerpen dan puisi dan lirik lagu, sudah tentu TIDAK DITULIS tarikh tepat tetapi automatik difahami bahawa ia adalah satu kesah silam berlaku sama ada beberapa jam yang lepas atau beberapa hari yg lalu atau beberapa minggu yang lampau atau beberapa tahun yg lepas atau beberapa kurun yang lampau. "Once upon a time" secara automatik *difahami* sebagai "masa yang dulu - telah berlalu) 

c) Untuk akhbar, sejarah, laporan, dokumen dan journal, sudah tentu tarikh, bulan dan tahun peristiwa itu berlaku jelas terang2 di tulis besar-besar. Sebut sahaja tahun 2006, 'eat' ditukar jadi ATE, Sebut sahaja 31 Ogos 1957, maka wajib fimestikan (fardhu ain) tukar "meet" jadi MET dan "cook" jadi COOKED.

Tahukah anda, MatSalleh terus faham bahawa "I went to your house but you left me alone after that" adalah cerita pada suatu ketika dahulu yang dah selesai dah tamat dah, satu sejarah silam, walaupun tidak disebut masa

Tahukah anda, MatSalleh terus faham bahawa "I go to your house but you always leave me alone"  adalah satu kenyataan lumrah perangai yang diulang-ulang, bukan sejarah - walaupun tidak disebut masa

Dan ada 3 jenis bunyi past form
1- Bunyi 'dek' - (macam buat dekk gitu..haha macam qalqolah untuk huruf dal mati)
received, played out, pulled out, heard it, laughed at, stayed in, moved out, smiled, lived it, saved, climbed up, arrived in

2- Bunyi 't' - (macam bunyi huruf ta mati)
jumped at, walked up, washed in, watched out, cooked up, pushed in, looked at, kicked up, picked up

3- Bunyi penuh - (bila belakang ada d dgn t)
wanted, commited, polluted, visited, vomited, invited, scolded

10 cara untuk menukar base form kepada past form:
1- Letak -ed (cooked, climbed, jumped)
2- Tukar y - ied (fried, cried, tried, dried)
3- Tukar ay - id (laid, paid)
4- Tambah d (lived, saved, moved, received, smiled, heard, arrived)
5- double huruf yang terakhir (preferred, trimmed, dropped)
6- tidak berubah (put, hit, spit, cut, shut, split, hurt, fit) - ada dalam 20 perkataan shj *boleh google
7- ejaan sama tapi bunyi berbeza (read)
8- irregular,cara tak tentu (took, stood, flew, threw, told, spoke, wrote, kept, swept, slept, fell, met, sat, ran, sang, drank, swam, came, made, ate, gave, saw, got, thought,catch - caught)
9- tekankan huruf t atau r (occured, committed)
10-

Boleh berikan lagi yang ke 10 sebagai kerja rumah? ;D

Contoh past form:

1. I did it yesterday
2. I pulled it here yesterday
3. They pushed it there last nigh
4. She cooked rice last week
5. He looked here 3 minutes ago
6. You scolded me last year
7. Prof miza wanted to come yesterday
8. Last monday dr lisa watched it here
9. Last month he invited here

Note:
*Kita perlu faham yang -ed bukan hanya past form -ed juga digunakan untuk adjective.

*Past Form adalah VERB. Bila ada past form, ayat itu dianggap "ada verb". Dilarang meletak VERB TO BE (is, are, am, was, were) jika sudah ada verb.

**HAD adalah sama dengan HAVE - tetapi HAD adalah PAST FORM

I had a car yesterday. Now i only HAVE a bicycle!

**Bagaimana dengan WAS & WERE?

Senang jer. Kenapa menyusahkan diri? Tidak perlu peningkan kepala ye.

*WAS adalah Past Form untuk IS dan AM*

*WERE adalah Past Form untuk ARE*

Itu sahaja. Alangkah senangnya, mengapa harus anda garu kepala?

Gunakan WAS atau WERE hanya pada ketika anda diwajibkan mesti gunakan IS ARE AM - iaitu? Ye, pada ayat yang TIDAK ADA VERB. Boleh?

Now i happy ❌ today you sad ❌this month she good ❌

Now I *am* happy ✅ 🎁 today you *are* sad  ✅ 🎁this month she *is* good  ✅🎁

Now i WAS happy 😳😥❌ today you WERE sad  😳😥❌this month she WAS good  😳😥❌

Yesterday I *was* happy ✅ 🎁 last night  you *were* sad  ✅ 🎁 last week she *was* good  ✅🎁

**Dengan membaca dan memahami ayat-ayat ini seharusnya anda sudah boleh jadi pakar "IS ARE AM WAS WERE"

👇

i *was* strong before and now i *am* weak but she *was* in Kedah last week, suddenly she *is* here today? *Were* you there with her last week and *are* you here with me now?

Kenapa  guna "IS ARE AM WAS WERE" bergilir2 pada ayat di atas? Saya minat WAS, kalau semua guna WAS shj takleh ke?